Best Fully Automated Clinical Chemistry Analyzer – Sphera M from Accurex. This chemistry analyzer is made in Italy & provides Accurate, Precise and Rapid Testing Solution. Sphera M is a Compact, fully automated, open random-access analyzer. The Minimum reaction volume is 210 µl, Minimal < 1L/h water consumption, 80 reusable UV transmitting Bionex® plastic cuvettes, 8-step wash station. It has Removable refrigerated tray with 30 open reagent positions for 50 ml or 20 ml bottles. Multiple virtual reagent disks can be programmed. The Chemistry analyser also does Auto-wash of inner & exterior probe surface. QUALITY CONTROL & CALIBRATION QUALITY CONTROL: • Levey-Jennings plots and Westgard multi rules • Upto 3 QC levels per test • QC monitor and reports • Method statistics: Test counter, CV%, mean, graphical trend analysis CALIBRATION: • Method and reagent monitor (volumes, available tests, calibration, QC status) • Automatic pre-dilution for calibrators • Upto 8 calibrators per method • Auto recalculation of result using last calibration. UNIQUE SOFTWARE DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE: • Software designed for touch screen use • Intuitive user interface • Continuous loading of samples and reagents • Random-access and STAT • Free choice of execution order • Extended walk-away capability • Results archive with cumulative charts • Programmable automatic start up routine • Multiple work lists INTERFACE: • Bi-directional LIS, ASTM, over ethernet port of the external PC • Positive identification of samples with internal barcode reader (optional) • Printing on any Windows 7®/8® compatible printer • Method defined washing programs SYSTEM PACKS FOR SPHERA™ Accurex has developed dedicated system packs for Sphera™. Our biochemistry reagents have been intensively evaluated and validated to achieve the highest performance in Sphera™. Accurex recommends the use of these system packs according to instructions and applications validated by Accurex. Safety Information 8-step wash station for thorough cleaning of each cuvette (Needles: 6 dispensing, 6 aspiration, 1 cleaning) • Two types of systemic and special washing solutions for removing obstinate probe residues Direction for Use QUALITY CONTROL • Levey-Jennings plots and Westgard multi rules • Upto 3 QC levels per test • QC monitor and reports • Method statistics: Test counter, CV%, mean, graphical trend analysis CALIBRATION • Method and reagent monitor (volumes, available tests, calibration, QC status) • Automatic pre-dilution for calibrators • Upto 8 calibrators per method • Auto recalculation of result using last calibration Other Info Accurex has developed dedicated system packs for Sphera™. Our biochemistry reagents have been intensively evaluated and validated to achieve the highest performance in Sphera™. Accurex recommends the use of these system packs according to instructions and applications validated by Accurex.

As the workload and test menu increase, simultaneous management of multiple ELISA protocols can become challenging. The LisaXL has been designed with an open architecture to meet various laboratory needs, providing all the tools necessary for hands-free ELISA processing, increasing the reliability and reproducibility, improving throughput, and freeing the laboratory staff from repetitive steps. LisaXL allows running multiple parameters for over 250 samples in a single batch. Equipped with dual probes and dedicated workstations, drastically improve ELISA workflows. LisaXL is a complete walkway system that minimizes manual errors while improving the accuracy and turnaround time for critical tests. LisaXL provides the flexibility to build and run virtually any ELISA assays. Product Features: Lisa XL is a true walk-away system for any laboratory needs. High Throughput with 6 plates, can process up to 576 tests. A dynamic scheduler ensures optimized system usage and turnaround times by processing 6 plates and up to 12 assays in each plate Onboard flexibility with sample capacity up to 272 and 20 interchangeable racks for reagents and samples. Dual probe processing ensures speed and reliability. "Zero" carryover with high-quality disposable tips. Six individually controlled incubators and shakers with variable temperature, time, and speed settings. Efficient washing with super sweep mode ensures minimum residual volume, with up to 6 different wash buffers. Easy to use touchscreen graphic user interface Product Applications: ELISA Physical Specifications 1 Dimensions Length 1375 mm 55" Height 845 mm 33" Width 850 mm 33.5" Weight 195 kgs (Approx) Power Supply Voltage 100 - 240 Volts Frequency 50 / 60Hz Power consumption 700 W General Specifications Assay per plate Up to 12 Number of ELISA plates Up to 6 Sample capacity Up to 272 Sample / Reagent capacity Total 20 racks Single rack holds 16 sample / reagent tubes Double rack holds 6 x 60 ml reagent bottles (can be used interchangeably) Tip / Dilution box Total 11 locations of 96 capacity each (can be used interchangeably) Reader Specifications Reading Range 0.0 - 3.5 O.D Reading Channels 8 Filter wheel 8 positions 405 nm, 450 nm, 492 nm, 620 nm std* 578 nm and 700 nm optional + 2 open Light source Halogen Lamp Reading mode Single, Dual, ORR Reading time < 1 min (for single filter) Linearity Up to 3.0 O.D (450 nm) Washer Specifications Manifold configuration 16 needles - 8 aspiration & 8 dispensing Precision < 5 % at 300 μl Wash cycle Programmable Residual volume < 5 μl / well Soak time Programmable Washer buffer capacity 6 × 2.25 L Waste water container 1 × 20 L Incubator Specifications Number of incubators Up to 6 Temperature range RT + 5°C up to 50°C Temperature stability ± 1°C Incubation time Programmable Time to set temperature < 6 min Shaking 200 to 800 RPM Shaking Method Orbital Pipetting Specifications Number of probes 2 Tips 300 µl / 1000 µl, Auto / Manual selected Multi-dispensing (Reagent) Minimum volume 4 μl Serum dispensing time < 14 min Reagent dispensing time < 5 min Sample mixing Yes (Automatic) Precision Sample & Reagent Sample Dispensing with 300 µl tip: 3% above 10 µl ± 0.5 µl for 10 µl & less Reagent Dispensing with 300 µl tip: 3% for 25 µl & above Reagent Dispensing with 1ml tip: 5% for 75 µl & above" Process Security Liquid level sensing Well fill verification Clot detection Onboard sample identification Onboard reagent identification Strip verification Buffer sensing Alarms Software Operating System Windows 10 (Embedded) LIS interface Bi-directional, Serial / TCPIP USB Port Graphic load interface Graphical work list Data processing Quantitative, Semi-Quantitative & Qualitative Multi password access Ability to archive data Computer (Base configuration considered, higher configuration can be considered for upgrade after testing) Intel Core i3, 4 GB RAM, 1 TB hard disk Monitor 22" Full HD touch screen

Find the Best Semi Automatic Biochemistry Analyzer from Accurex. Buy Acculab At 112 Plus (Semi Auto Biochemistry Analyzer) which is the best Biochemistry Machine with numerous features like Filter Check, Self-check operation for optical filters, Checks the absorbance of each of the 7 filters & free position, Ensures that all the filters are in good working condition. This Biochemistry Analyzer has Improved ergonomic touch screen display, ensures strain free viewing with End point, kinetic, fixed time & absorbance mode. FILTER CHECK • Self-check operation for optical filters. • Checks the absorbance of each of the 7 filters & free position. • Ensures that all the filters are in good working condition. WORKLIST • A unique facility by which a worklist can be prepared for every sample ID. • Printouts can be taken by sample ID or test parameters. • Print by ID : Ensures that no test is left out for a particular ID. • Print by Test : Ensures that all reagents / working solutions are prepared in correct volumes preventing wastage. • The system flags any test which is missed out for a particular ID, ensuring all assay panel is completed. LAMP SAVING • Lamp saving option available ensuring long lamp life. • The lamp can be turned off in case of sporadic sample workload ALARMS • Audio alarm is sounded when results are higher (S) or lower (L) than reference range ensuring that all abnormal samples are flagged for further review. • Improved ergonomic touch screen display, ensures strain free viewing • End point, kinetic, fixed time & absorbance mode • Single & bichromatic measurement • Memory : 3200 results • 112 programmable channels • Calibration modes – 1 standard / multi-point linear / multi-point non-linear • Easy-access maintenance chamber ensures efficient uptime management • Real-time reaction curve display • Anti-vibration & anti-disturbance optical system ensures highly accurate results • Option of 7 filters (340 – 630 nm) & 1 free position • Comprehensive quality control program with L-J graph • Lamp saving feature to prolong lamp life • Audible / visual alarm available • Easy-tear printer design Methodology: End point, kinetic, fixed time & absorbance Calibration: Single standard/multi-point linear/multi-point non-linear Programmable channels: 112 Memory: 3200 results Quality control: Comprehensive QC software with L-J graph Light source:Quartz-Halogen lamp 12V / 20W Photometric range: 0.0000 to 3.0000 Abs, Resolution : 0.0001 Abs : Drift : 0.002 Abs/hour Wavelength range: 7 standard filters: 340, 405, 492, 510, 546, 578, 630 nm & 1 free optional position ; Half Bandwidth < 8 nm : Stray light : < 1.0 % at 340 nm, Stainless steel body with quartz window; Optical path 10 mm Flowcell: Stainless steel body with quartz window; Optical path 10 mm Measuring volume: 32 μl Programmable aspiration volume:: 500-2000 μl Temperature control: Peltier elements : 25°C, 30°C & 37°C ±0.1°C Input: Ergonomic LCD touch screen display Printer: Built-in high speed thermal printer Interface: RS-232 serial port Dimension / Weight: 450 x 360 x 140 mm / 11.5 kgs Operating environment: Temperature: 15-30°C ; Humidity: 20-80 % Power requirement: AC 110-220 V ±10%, 50/60 Hz Safety Information • The position of the LCD display has been designed to reduce cervical (neck muscle) strain during continual use. • The aerial view display design makes it possible to view the screen from multiple perspectives, (standing or sitting, with equal clarity). Direction for Use • A unique facility by which a worklist can be prepared for every sample ID. • Printouts can be taken by sample ID or test parameters. • Print by ID : Ensures that no test is left out for a particular ID. • Print by Test : Ensures that all reagents / working solutions are prepared in correct volumes preventing wastage. • The system flags any test which is missed out for a particular ID, ensuring all assay panel is completed. Other Info • Improved ergonomic touch screen display, ensures strain free viewing • End point, kinetic, fixed time & absorbance mode • Single & bichromatic measurement • Memory : 3200 results • 112 programmable channels • Calibration modes – 1 standard / multi-point linear / multi-point non-linear • Easy-access maintenance chamber ensures efficient uptime management • Real-time reaction curve display • Anti-vibration & anti-disturbance optical system ensures highly accurate results • Option of 7 filters (340 – 630 nm) & 1 free position • Comprehensive quality control program with L-J graph • Lamp saving feature to prolong lamp life • Audible / visual alarm available • Easy-tear printer design

Buy AccuTest HCV Rapid Card Test (30 Tests) Online from Accurex. HCV means Hepatitis C Virus which is a is a small, enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Hepatitis C symptoms are fever, fatigue, decreased appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dark urine, pale feces, joint pain and jaundice. HCV test is a rapid Chromatographic Immunoassay work on principle of the double antigen sandwich technique, Qualitative detection of antibodies generated against proteins that are encoded by conserved sequence of core NS3, NS4, NS5 parts of HCV genome in human whole blood/serum or plasma. AccuTest HCV Test is a rapid Chromatographic Immunoassay for the Qualitative detection of antibodies generated against proteins that are encoded by conserved sequence of core NS3, NS4, NS5 parts of HCV genome in human whole blood/serum or plasma. Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is a small, enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Antibody to HCV is found in over 80% of patients with well documented non-A, non-B hepatitis. Conventional methods fail to isolate the virus in cell culture or visualize it by electron microscope. Cloning the viral genome has made it possible to develop serologic assays that use recombinant antigen, multiple antigens using recombinant protein and/or synthetic peptides have been added in new serologic tests to avoid nonspecific cross-reactivity to increase the sensitivity of HCV antibody tests. Storage and Stability: AccuTest HCV should be stored at 4-30C. However, the card may be stored at room temperature not exceeding 30C in the original sealed pouch. Test Procedure: 1. Allow the test, specimen and or control to room temperature prior to the testing 2. Remove one test card from the pouch and place it on a clean flat surface 3. Using the dropper provided one drop of serum/plasma or W. blood sample (30ul) then two drops of buffer (40ul) immediately into the sample well. Avoid overflowing 4. Read results within 15 minutes. Strong positive reaction may visible within 5 minutes. Do not read results after 15 minutes. 5. If negative or quest Principle: AccuTest HCV Rapid Hepatitis C Virus Test (Serum/Plasma/Whole Blood) is a lateral flow chromatographic immunoassay based on the principle of the double antigen-sandwich technique. The membrane is coated with recombinant HCV antigen on the test line region of the device. During testing, the serum/plasma or W.Blood specimen reacts with HCV antigen coated particles. The mixture migrates upward on the membrane chromatographically by capillary action to react with recombinant HCV antigen or membrane and generate a colored line. Presence of this colored line indicates a positive result, while its absence indicates a negative result. To serve as a procedural control, a colored line will always appear at the control line region, indicating that the correct volume of specimen has been added and membrane wicking has occurred. Storage and Stability: AccuTest HCV should be stored at 4-30C. However, the card may be stored at room temperature not exceeding 30C in the original sealed pouch. Test Procedure: 1. Allow the test, specimen and or control to room temperature prior to the testing 2. Remove one test card from the pouch and place it on a clean flat surface 3. Using the dropper provided one drop of serum/plasma or W. blood sample (30ul) then two drops of buffer (40ul) immediately into the sample well. Avoid overflowing 4. Read results within 15 minutes. Strong positive reaction may visible within 5 minutes. Do not read results after 15 minutes. 5. If negative or questionable results are obtained, the HCV infection is suspected, the test should be repeated ona fresh serum specimen. Safety Information •Positive: If a distinct purple line is formed at the test one marked ‘T’ (Test Line) and the Control Zone marked ‘C’ (Control Line) the test result is positive, indicating the sample contains Hepatitis C antibody. The interpretation of test results (+ve for hepatitis) remains unchanged even if there is a difference in intensity of color in positive line and control line as is many a time found. •Negative: If a distinct purple line is formed only at the control zone marked ‘C’ (control line) the test result is negative • Invalid: A total absence of color in both © and (T) regions or no colored band appears on the control © region is an indication of procedure error and/or the test reagent has deteriorated. Repeat with a new test kit. Direction for Use Test Procedure 1. Allow the test, specimen and or control to room temperature prior to the testing 2. Remove one test card from the pouch and place it on a clean flat surface 3. Using the dropper provided one drop of serum/plasma or W. blood sample (30ul) then two drops of buffer (40ul) immediately into the sample well. Avoid overflowing 4. Read results within 15 minutes. Strong positive reaction may visible within 5 minutes. Do not read results after 15 minutes. 5. If negative or questionable results are obtained, the HCV infection is suspected, the test should be repeated ona fresh serum specimen. Other Info Storage and Stability AccuTest HCV should be stored at 4-30C. However, the card may be stored at room temperature not exceeding 30C in the original sealed pouch.

Mispa HbX Portable Haemoglobin Analyzer Overview Mispa HbX , Smart Haemoglobin analyzer is a symbol of advanced point of care equipment with modern technology and convenience, designed to deliver high accuracy, quality results with least turnaround time and low maintenance. Best in Class Hemoglobin Meter Mispa HbX, the Smart Haemoglobin Analyzer, is the best example of an advanced point-of-care hemoglobin reader with modern technology. It is easy to use and designed to deliver accurate, high-quality results with the shortest turnaround time and minimal maintenance. This digital Hb meter is one of the best hemoglobin meters available. Working of A Hemoglobin Meter or a hemoglobin reader A hemoglobin meter or a hemoglobin reader measures the amounts of hemoglobin and hematocrit in whole blood. Hemoglobin tests are typically performed to determine the RBC count, the severity of anemia, hematocrit, and other haematological factors. It is widely utilized during blood donations and key decisions such as blood transfusions. HbX works with Spectrophotometry Scattered compensation Technology for accurate and quick results Results will be retrieved with in less than 3 seconds after sample reading starts Sample Required: 7ul Capillary or Venous blood Three Step procedure makes HbX more convenient to use CV value will be less than 1.5 % 6 Hours Battery Backup makes it a hand equipment 2000 Data storage capacity Micro Fluidic cuvettes with 2 year Shelf life

Overview A fully automated POC Auto Dry Biochemistry Analyzer called Mispa Chem Dx, With Just 3 to 4 drops (100ul) of whole blood to test up to 19 General and Special chemistry tests in less than 12 minutes. Mispa Chem Dx works on absorption spectroscopy where a change in absorbance is detected by an absorption spectrum and an algorithm is used to calculate the end concentration of the sample in the reagent dry disc. The reagent disc consists of lyophilized reagent beads, diluent, and calibration details in the QR code. The reagent disc contains an intelligent internal quality control system IQC which continuously monitors the disc function to ensure reaction stability and optimal disc performance, IQC is the engine that drives the Mispa Chem Dx accurately and precisely Low Sample Consumption Easy to Use Maintenance Free Accurate Result Disposable reagent disc Sample volume: 100µl Testing time: 12 minutes / sample Temperature: 37°C ± 0.3°C Resolution: 0.001Abs Absorbance: 0-3.0Abs Sample type: Heparinized whole blood, serum, plasma (heparin) QC&Calibration: IQC (Intelligent Quality Control/Calibration） Work condition: Temperature:10-30°C Humidity: 30%-70% Testing method: End point, kinetic, fixed time, turbidmetry etc Light source: 12V/20W, Halogen tungsten lamp with life span over 2500 hours Power supply: AC 100V-240V, 50-60Hz Display: Android 7.0 inch 800*480, multi-point capacitive touch screen Storage: 500,000 results Printer: Built-in thermal printer Interface: 4 USB ports, 1 LAN port Dimension: 315*375*475mm. 4.2kg(N.W.), 7kg(G.W.)

ADVIA 2400 Chemistry System The right balance of speed and efficiency The ADVIA® 2400 Clinical Chemistry System manages the most demanding workloads and meets high turnaround-time (TAT) goals. Its menu includes methods for testing drugs-of-abuse, therapeutic drugs (TDM) and new assays such as cystatin C and CardioPhase® hsCRP. The ADVIA 2400 Clinical Chemistry System offers: High throughput of up to 2400 tests/hour (1800 photometric and 600 ISE) to manage heavy workloads Rapid, consistent, 2-second cycle time for faster tube speed and test throughput User-defined automatic repeat, dilution, and reflex testing Large onboard reagent capacity and optional concentrated reagents help to minimize intervention demands Refrigerated onboard storage of controls and reagents for extended stability and increased productivity Automation-ready design: no additional hardware required Features & Benefits The ADVIA 2400 Clinical Chemistry System meets today’s high turnaround-time goals with a throughput of up to 2400 tests/hour. In addition to assays for general and specialty chemistries, its menu includes assays for specific protein measurement, drugs-of-abuse testing (DAT), and therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). Interesting new assays such as cystatin C, HbA1c with automated sample pretreatment, and CardioPhase® hsCRP can now be included in your routine testing. The ADVIA 2400 Chemistry System pushes productivity levels while maintaining the reliability and stability that keep laboratories up and running. A rapid, 2-second probe cycle time maximizes tube speed and test throughput and combines with the system’s efficient automation-readiness to provide the turnaround time needed for high-volume laboratories Superior Speed and Productivity Throughput of up to 2400 tests/hour (1800 photometric and 600 ISE) to manage the heaviest workloads Rapid, consistent, 2-second cycle time Throughput of 200 tubes per hour, even when running three ISE tests and nine photometric tests per sample Automatic Sample Retain technology, auto-repeat, auto-dilution, and auto-reflex testing Automation-ready Point-in-space aspiration enables connectivity to a track. Redundant sample loading provides built-in backup and easy handling of non-routine samples. Direct sampling from track prevents tubes being detained at an analyzer and reduces aliquoting. Minimal Need for Operator Intervention Minimal-maintenance ISEs Large onboard reagent capacity and optional concentrated reagents for fewer interruptions No-maintenance, 37°C incubation oil bath Auto-calibration and auto-QC from refrigerated onboard calibrators and controls Microvolume technology with 32,000 tests onboard and up to 60 days' onboard stability for improved walkaway time. Concentrated reagents for increased maximum capacity. Remote diagnostics and Inter-Laboratory Quality Control (ILQC) options Exceptional Reliability Sample integrity check for icterus, hemolysis, and lipemia Sample probe with automatic clot/clog detection, liquid-level sensing, short-sample detection, and crash protection Advances in onboard reagent stability, calibration frequency, reduction in interferences, and expanded assay linearity

The ADVIA® 1800 Clinical Chemistry System pushes the limit of productivity. Its extensive menu allows integration of testing for clinical chemistry, drugs-of-abuse, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and specific proteins such as cystatin C and CardioPhase® hsCRP. The ADVIA 1800 Clinical Chemistry System offers: Throughput of up to 1,800 tests per hour to keep pace with workload peaks 200 basic metabolic panels per hour to meet turnaround-time demands Large onboard reagent capacity and optional concentrated reagents to reduce interruptions Optimal standardization of reagents and systems for efficient consumable usage Refrigerated onboard storage of controls and reagents for extended stability and increased productivity Automation-ready design: no additional hardware required Features & Benefits The ADVIA 1800® Clinical Chemistry System pushes the limit of productivity in the core lab and meets the turnaround-time (TAT) goals of today’s laboratories. Its extensive menu allows integration of general clinical chemistry testing with testing for drugs-of-abuse, TDM, special chemistry, and specific proteins such as cystatin C and CardioPhase® hsCRP. Automation-ready design Point-in-space aspiration enables connectivity to a track, VersaCell® System. Redundant sample loading provides built-in backup and easy handling of non-routine samples. Direct sampling from track prevents tubes being detained at an analyzer and reduces aliquoting. Peak productivity Throughput of up to 1,800 tests per hour provides the speed to keep pace with workload peaks. Throughput of 200 basic metabolic panels per hour helps to meet turnaround-time demands. Automatic Sample Retain technology lets you perform reruns and dilutions without the need to retrieve primary tubes. Consolidate chemistry testing on one system with a comprehensive menu, consistent cycle times, speed, and open application capability. Total system reliability Minimal-maintenance ISEs Robust hardware and simplified software design, with automatic calibration validation and tracking Advances in reagent onboard stability, calibration frequency, interference reduction and assay linearity expansion Direct water connection Remote diagnostics and Inter-Laboratory Quality Control (ILQC) options Easy efficiency Large onboard reagent capacity and optional concentrated reagents reduce interruptions. High-resolution touchscreen delivers push-button operation. Reagent pause capability and onboard Sample Pause button make loading easy. Minimal maintenance requirements, including no-maintenance oil bath, reduce hands-on time. Sample integrity checking, include serum indices reporting, short-sample flagging, and clot detection, reducing the need for manual intervention.

ADVIA Chemistry XPT System An advanced, automated clinical chemistry analyzer for high-volume laboratories The ADVIA® Chemistry XPT System provides timely, reliable results with continuous operation to meet the chemistry workloads of the most demanding laboratories. Delivers high throughput of up to 2400 tests per hour. Manages comprehensive testing with a menu of more than 115 assays. Improves workflow using automation and system technologies such as micro-volume and aliquot retention. Features & Benefits The ADVIA Chemistry XPT System*** is engineered for continuous operation and timely, accurate results—supporting you to reach your full potential today and be prepared for tomorrow. With an advanced user interface that is easy to use and VeriSmart Technology to support accuracy of testing, the ADVIA Chemistry XPT System predictably and consistently delivers timely, reliable results to meet expanding workloads. Simplified, Continuous Operation Simplify operation and training with the intuitive, icon-driven user interface. Extend walkaway times with concentrated reagents that provide high test capacity onboard. Quickly load most system fluids on the fly. Automate calibration, QC, startup, and shutdown. Consistent, Predictable Turnaround Time and Accuracy Offer a comprehensive chemistry menu of over 115 assays, including general and specialty chemistry, DAT, TDM, and specific proteins. Push productivity with a throughput of up to 2400 tests per hour (1800 photometric, plus 600 ISE). Control testing: STAT and specialty samples can always be front-loaded while an automation track is running. Designed for Automation Adapt and grow with direct connectivity to Siemens Healthineers and . Simplify your laboratory operations with connectivity to IT solutions including , , and . Increase productivity and efficiency with direct-from-track sampling and onboard aliquoting that allows samples to be immediately released to the next workstation. Do More with Less Reduce blood-draw requirements with micro-volume technology that uses a single 30 μL sample for up to 15 tests. Eliminate sample callback with automated, pre-programmable dilution, reflex, and rerun testing that uses an onboard aliquot. Improve workflow and accuracy with VeriSmart echnologies that perform hardware and software checks at all stages of sample processing.